{"id":7292,"date":"2023-12-01T09:00:23","date_gmt":"2023-12-01T00:00:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/?p=7292"},"modified":"2025-10-24T09:18:10","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T00:18:10","slug":"menu_57","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/eigocafe\/menu_57\/","title":{"rendered":"Menu 57\u3000\u8033\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe"},"content":{"rendered":"\"\"\r\n\r\n

\u3053\u3093\u306b\u3061\u306f\u3002\u300c\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u30ab\u30d5\u30a7<\/strong><\/span>\u300d\u306b\u3088\u3046\u3053\u305d\uff01<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3053\u3053\u306f\u300c\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc1\u676f\u5206\u300d\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3067\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u307e\u3064\u308f\u308b\u8a71\u3092\u6c17\u8efd\u306b\u697d\u3057\u3093\u3067\u3044\u305f\u3060\u304f\u30b3\u30fc\u30ca\u30fc\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u672c\u65e5\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u306f\u300c\u8033\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe<\/strong><\/span>\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7686\u3055\u3093\u306f \u201cPlay it by ear<\/strong>.\u201d \u3068\u805e\u3044\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\uff1f\u307e\u305f\u300c\u8033\u5c0f\u9aa8<\/strong>\u300d\u3084\u300c\u771f\u73e0\u816b\u6027\u4e2d\u8033\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u306a\u3069\u306e\u8033\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u4f7f\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\r\n

USMLE Step 1 \u3067\u3082\u8033\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b otology<\/strong> \u306f\u8a18\u8f09\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u611f\u899a\u5668\u3067\u3042\u308b\u8033\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u533b\u5b66\u751f\u30fb\u533b\u5e2b\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u306f\u5fc5\u9808\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u305d\u3053\u3067\u4eca\u6708\u306f\u3001\u300c\u8033\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe<\/strong>\u300d\u3092\u8272\u3005\u3068\u3054\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3066\u767a\u97f3\u3067\u304d\u308b\uff1f Ear \u3068 Year <\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\r\n\u307e\u305a\u306f\u57fa\u672c\u304b\u3089\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u300c\u8033<\/strong>\u300d\u306f\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f ear<\/strong><\/span> \u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3053\u306e\u767a\u97f3\u306f year<\/strong> \u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3069\u3061\u3089\u3082\u30ab\u30bf\u30ab\u30ca\u3067\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u533a\u5225\u3055\u308c\u305a\u306b\u767a\u97f3\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u767a\u97f3\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300c\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u767a\u97f3\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u97f3\u306f\u805e\u3044\u3066\u3082\u533a\u5225\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001ear \u3068 year \u306e\u767a\u97f3\u306e\u533a\u5225\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u4eba\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306aYouTube\u52d5\u753b\u306a\u3069\u3092\u898b\u3066\u533a\u5225\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u307e\u305f ear \u306f\u5de6\u53f3\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067 ears<\/strong><\/span> \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8907\u6570\u5f62\u3067\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u8033\u306b\u88c5\u7740\u3059\u308b\u300c\u30a4\u30e4\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3<\/strong>\u300d\u3082 earphones<\/strong> \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8907\u6570\u5f62\u3067\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u304a\u304d\u305f\u3044 ear \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u6163\u7528\u8868\u73fe<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\r\n\u3067\u306f\u6b21\u306b ear \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6163\u7528\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b idiom \u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f \u201cplay it by ear<\/strong><\/span>\u201d \u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u300c\u8033\u3067\u805e\u3053\u3048\u305f\u901a\u308a\u306b\u6f14\u594f\u3059\u308b<\/strong> = \u8033\u30b3\u30d4\u3059\u308b<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304b\u3089\u300c\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3067\u4e57\u308a\u5207\u308b<\/strong>\u300d\u3084\u300c\u81e8\u6a5f\u5fdc\u5909\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e it \u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b this one \u3084 all that \u306a\u3069\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3001 \u201cLet\u2019s play this one by ear.\u201d \u3084 \u201cHow about we play all that by ear?\u201d \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3082\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e idiom \u306f\u65e5\u5e38\u4f1a\u8a71\u3067\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u65b9\u306f\u662f\u975e\u3053\u308c\u304b\u3089\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u307f\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u307e\u305f all ears<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u3044\u3046 idiom \u3082\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u300c\u805e\u304d\u8033\u3092\u7acb\u3066\u308b<\/strong> = \u805e\u304b\u305b\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3044\u305f\u3044\u3068\u611f\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e idiom \u3067\u3001 \u201cI\u2019m all ears<\/strong>.\u201d\u300c\u805e\u304b\u305b\u3066\uff01<\/strong>\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e all ears \u3082\u65e5\u5e38\u4f1a\u8a71\u3067\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u3059\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u604b\u30d0\u30ca\u306a\u3069\u3092\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u306f\u662f\u975e\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u307f\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u306d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300c\u8033\u4ecb\u300d\u3084\u300c\u5916\u8033\u9053\u300d\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe\u306f\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\r\n\u6b21\u306b\u8033\u306e\u69cb\u9020<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3054\u5b58\u77e5\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8033\u306f external\/outer ear<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u5916\u8033<\/strong>\u300d\u3001middle ear<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u4e2d\u8033<\/strong>\u300d\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066 inner ear<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u5185\u8033<\/strong>\u300d\u306e3\u3064\u306e\u90e8\u4f4d\u304b\u3089\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3067\u306f\u307e\u305a external\/outer ear<\/strong><\/span> \u304b\u3089\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/span>
\r\n\u3053\u306e outer ear \u306b\u306f\u300c\u8033\u4ecb<\/strong>\u300d\u300c\u5916\u8033\u9053<\/strong>\u300d\u300c\u9f13\u819c<\/strong>\u300d\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300c\u8033\u4ecb<\/strong>\u300d\u306f\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f auricle<\/strong><\/span> \u3082\u3057\u304f\u306f pinna<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3069\u3061\u3089\u3082\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001pinna<\/strong> \u306f\u300c\u30d4<\/strong>\u30ca\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u767a\u97f3\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u8033\u305f\u3076<\/strong>\u300d\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u306f earlobe<\/strong><\/span> \u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u8033\u5782<\/strong>\u300d\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u306f lobule<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u30ed<\/strong>\u30d3\u30e5\u30a5\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u767a\u97f3\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300c\u5916\u8033\u9053<\/strong>\u300d\u306e\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u306f external auditory meatus<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e meatus<\/strong> \u3068\u306f passage \u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u300c\u30df\u30a8\u30a3<\/strong>\u30bf\u30b9\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u767a\u97f3\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u533b\u5b66\u751f\u3084\u533b\u5e2b\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082 external auditory canal<\/strong><\/span> \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b canal \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u65b9\u304c\u591a\u304f\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u306f ear canal<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5148\u307b\u3069\u300c\u30a4\u30e4\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u300d\u306f earphones \u3068\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5916\u8033\u9053\u307e\u3067\u633f\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5916\u8033\u9053\u306e\u624b\u524d\u306b\u3042\u308b concha<\/strong>\u300c\u8033\u7532\u4ecb<\/strong>\uff08\u8154\uff09\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u51f9\u307f\u306b\u5f15\u3063\u639b\u3051\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306f earbuds<\/strong> \u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3061\u306a\u307f\u306b concha \u306e\u767a\u97f3\u306f\u300c\u30b3<\/strong>\u30f3\u30ab\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001bud \u3068\u306f\u300c\u3064\u307c\u307f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3053\u306e\u5916\u8033\u9053\u306b\u708e\u75c7\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068 otitis externa<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u5916\u8033\u9053\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u8033\u304b\u3089\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u304c\u6d41\u308c\u51fa\u308b\u300c\u8033\u6f0f<\/strong>\u300d\u304c\u751f\u3058\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3092 otorrhea<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u547c\u3073\u307e\u3059\u3002\u60a3\u8005\u3055\u3093\u306b\u3053\u306e otorrhea \u306e\u6709\u7121\u3092\u5c0b\u306d\u308b\u969b\u306b\u306f \u201cHave you noticed any discharge coming from your ears<\/strong>?\u201d \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001external auditory meatus \u304b\u3089\u306e\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3092\u5c0b\u306d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066 \u201cHave you noticed any discharge around your ears<\/strong>?\u201d \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5e83\u304f\u8033\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3092\u5c0b\u306d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

external auditory meatus \u306e\u554f\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300c\u8033\u57a2\u304c\u8a70\u307e\u308b<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3092\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u306f earwax buildup<\/strong><\/span> \u3084 earwax blockage<\/strong><\/span> \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300c\u8033\u57a2<\/strong>\u300d\u306e\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u306f cerumen<\/strong><\/span> \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306b\u300c\u56fa\u7740<\/strong>\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b impaction<\/strong><\/span> \u3092\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u7528\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u8033\u57a2\u6813\u585e<\/strong>\u300d \u3092\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f cerumen impaction<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3061\u306a\u307f\u306b\u300c\u8033\u304b\u304d<\/strong>\u300d\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f\u82f1\u8a9e\u570f\u306b\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u8033\u6383\u9664\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u300c\u7dbf\u68d2<\/strong>\u300d\u306f\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u570f\u3067\u306f\u5546\u6a19\u540d\u3067\u3042\u308b Q-tips<\/strong> \u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300c\u9f13\u819c<\/strong>\u300d\u306f\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f tympanic membrane<\/strong><\/span> \u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u60a3\u8005\u3055\u3093\u306f eardrum<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e00\u822c\u82f1\u8a9e\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066 external auditory meatus \u306e\u89b3\u5bdf\u3068\u3057\u3066 otoscope<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u8033\u93e1<\/strong>\u300d\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f otoscopy<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u8033\u93e1\u691c\u67fb<\/strong>\u300d\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4e3b\u306b tympanic membrane \u306e\u8996\u8a3a\u304c\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5916\u8033\u9053\u5074\u304b\u3089\u89b3\u5bdf\u3055\u308c\u308b tympanic membrane \u306f\u300c\u51f9\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b<\/strong>\u300d\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u300c\u51f9<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3092\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f concave<\/strong> \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u8d64\u8840\u7403\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u300c\u4e21\u9762\u304c\u51f9<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u72b6\u306f biconcave<\/strong> \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3068\u306f\u9006\u306b\u300c\u51f8<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u306f convex<\/strong> \u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u304a\u304d\u305f\u3044\u8033\u5c0f\u9aa8\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\r\n\u6b21\u306b middle ear<\/strong><\/span> \u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7269\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/span>
\r\n\u3053\u306e middle ear \u306b\u306f\u300c\u8033\u5c0f\u9aa8<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u300c\u8033\u7ba1<\/strong>\u300d\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300c\u8033\u5c0f\u9aa8<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u306f eardrum \u306e\u632f\u52d5\u3092\u5897\u5e45\u3059\u308b3\u3064\u306e\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u9aa8\u3067\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f auditory ossicles<\/strong><\/span> \u3082\u3057\u304f\u306f\u5358\u7d14\u306b ossicles<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3053\u306e3\u3064\u306e\u9aa8\u306b\u306f\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u3068\u4e00\u822c\u82f1\u8a9e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u9f13\u819c\u306b\u4ed8\u7740\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u30c4\u30c1\u9aa8<\/strong>\u300dmalleus<\/strong><\/span> \u306f\u3001\u300c\u91d1\u69cc<\/strong>\u300d\u3084\u300c\u6728\u69cc<\/strong>\u300d\u306e\u300c\u69cc<\/strong>\uff08\u3064\u3061<\/strong>\uff09\u300d\u306b\u5f62\u304c\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u306f hammer<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u771f\u3093\u4e2d\u306e\u8033\u5c0f\u9aa8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u30ad\u30cc\u30bf\u9aa8<\/strong>\u300dincus<\/strong><\/span> \u306f\u3001\u91d1\u5177\u306e\u52a0\u5de5\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u91d1\u5e8a<\/strong>\u306b\u5f62\u304c\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3053\u308d\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u306f anvil<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08\u300c\u30c8\u30e0\u3068\u30b8\u30a7\u30ea\u30fc\u300d\u3067\u3088\u304f\u30c8\u30e0\u304c\u6f70\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u9ed2\u304f\u91cd\u305f\u3044\u9244\u306e\u584a\u304c anvil \u3067\u3059\u3002\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u65b9\u306f Google \u3067 anvil \u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u691c\u7d22\u3092\u3057\u3066\u307f\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\uff09\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u300c\u30ad\u30cc\u30bf<\/strong> = \u7827<\/strong>\uff08\u304d\u306c\u305f<\/strong>\uff09\u9aa8<\/strong>\u300d\u306f\u3053\u306e anvil \u3092\u7ffb\u8a33\u3057\u305f\u8868\u73fe\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u7827\u3068\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e anvil \u306f\u540c\u3058\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5185\u8033\u306b\u4ed8\u7740\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u30a2\u30d6\u30df\u9aa8<\/strong>\u300dstapes<\/strong><\/span> \u306f\u3001\u4e57\u99ac\u306e\u969b\u306b\u8db3<\/strong>\u3067\u8e0f<\/strong>\u3080\u91d1\u5177\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u9419<\/strong>\uff08\u3042\u3076\u307f<\/strong>\uff09\u300d\u306b\u5f62\u304c\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b stirrup<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u3082\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3061\u306a\u307f\u306b\u300c\u5185\u8a3a<\/strong>\u300dpelvic exam<\/strong> \u306a\u3069\u3067\u8db3\u3092\u4e57\u305b\u308b\u969b\u306b\u7528\u3044\u308b stirrup \u306f\u3001\u5de6\u53f3\u3067\u5bfe\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067 stirrups<\/strong> \u3068\u8907\u6570\u5f62\u3067\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7a81\u7136\u5927\u304d\u306a\u97f3\u304c\u805e\u3053\u3048\u3066\u3082 acoustic reflex<\/strong>\u300c\u97f3\u97ff\u53cd\u5c04<\/strong>\u300d\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066 inner ear \u306b\u305d\u306e\u97f3\u304c\u4f1d\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f stapedius reflex<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u30a2\u30d6\u30df\u9aa8\u53cd\u5c04<\/strong>\u300d\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066 stapedius muscle<\/strong>\u300c\u30a2\u30d6\u30df\u9aa8\u7b4b<\/strong>\u300d\u306f facial nerve<\/strong>\u300c\u9854\u9762\u795e\u7d4c<\/strong>\u300d\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u652f\u914d\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001facial nerve paralysis<\/strong>\u300c\u9854\u9762\u795e\u7d4c\u9ebb\u75fa<\/strong>\u300d\u3067\u306f\u3053\u306e stapedius reflex \u304c\u6a5f\u80fd\u305b\u305a\u306b hyperacusis<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u8074\u899a\u904e\u654f<\/strong>\u300d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300c\u8033\u7ba1<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u306f middle ear<\/strong> \u3068 nasopharynx<\/strong>\u300c\u9f3b\u54bd\u982d<\/strong>\u300d\u3092\u7d50\u3076\u7d30\u3044\u7ba1\u3067\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f eustachian tube<\/strong><\/span> \u3082\u3057\u304f\u306f\u5358\u7d14\u306b auditory tube<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5c0f\u5150\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3053\u308c\u304c\u6210\u4eba\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066 shorter, wider and more horizontal \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)\u300c\u4e0a\u6c17\u9053\u708e\u300d\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059 virus \u3084 bacteria \u304c middle ear \u306b\u4fb5\u5165\u3057\u3066\u5f8c\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u4e2d\u8033\u708e\u3092\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30d7\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u4e2d\u8033\u708e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3082\u3053\u306e eustachian tube \u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u305f\u611f\u67d3\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001external ear \u304b\u3089\u306e\u611f\u67d3\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u306e\u3067\u3054\u6ce8\u610f\u3092\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300c\u4e2d\u8033\u708e\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u82f1\u8a9e \u306f ear infection \u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u306f\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u306e\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\r\n\u3067\u306f\u3053\u3053\u3067 middle ear \u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u75be\u60a3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u4e2d\u8033\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300c\u8033\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u306f\u300c\u8033<\/strong>\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b oto<\/strong>– \u3068\u300c\u708e\u75c7<\/strong>\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b –itis<\/strong> \u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066 otitis<\/strong> \u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u300c\u4e2d\u8033\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u306f otitis media<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e otitis media \u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u300c\u6025\u6027\u4e2d\u8033\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b acute otitis media (AOM)<\/strong><\/span> \u306f\u300c\u611f\u67d3\u75c7<\/strong>\u300d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u306f middle ear infection<\/strong> \u3084 ear infection<\/strong> \u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300c\u4e2d\u8033\u708e\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u82f1\u8a9e\u306f middle ear infection \u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u65b9\u304c\u591a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u306f\u300c\u6025\u6027\u4e2d\u8033\u708e\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u82f1\u8a9e\u306f middle ear infection \u3067\u3042\u308b<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3053\u306e otitis media \u306b\u306f acute otitis media \u306e\u4ed6\u306b\u3082\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

middle ear \u306b exudate<\/strong>\u300c\u6ef2\u51fa\u6db2<\/strong>\u300d\u304c\u6e9c\u307e\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8d77\u3053\u308b\u300c\u6ef2\u51fa\u6027\u4e2d\u8033\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u306f\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f otitis media with effusion (OME)<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

otitis media \u304c\u6162\u6027\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u300c\u6162\u6027\u4e2d\u8033\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e chronic otitis media (COM)<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3046\u3061 AOM \u304c\u6162\u6027\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM)<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u6162\u6027\u5316\u81bf\u6027\u4e2d\u8033\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066 OME \u304c\u6162\u6027\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f chronic otitis media with effusion (COME)<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u6162\u6027\u6ef2\u51fa\u6027\u4e2d\u8033\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u306f\u300c\u771f\u73e0\u816b\u6027\u4e2d\u8033\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u306f\u305d\u306e\u540d\u306e\u901a\u308a\u300c\u4e2d\u8033\u708e<\/strong>\u300d\u306e\u4e00\u7a2e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a8d\u8b58\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u570f\u3067\u306f\u3053\u308c\u3092 cholesteatoma<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u300c\u30b3\u30ea\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30a2\u30c8<\/strong>\u30a5\u30de\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u767a\u97f3\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3093\u3067\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u300c\u4e2d\u8033\u708e\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b otitis media \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e cholesteatoma \u306f\u3001 overgrowth of desquamated keratin debris within the middle ear space\u300c\u4e2d\u8033\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u843d\u5c51\u3057\u305f\u30b1\u30e9\u30c1\u30f3\u306e\u65ad\u7247\u304c\u7570\u5e38\u306b\u6210\u9577\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3082\u306e\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u570f\u306e\u533b\u5e2b\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306f otitis media \u3068\u306f\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3066\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u306d\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Tonotopy \u3063\u3066\u4f55\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\r\n\u8033\u306e\u6700\u6df1\u90e8\u306b\u3042\u308b inner ear<\/strong><\/span> \u306e\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u3069\u3046\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\uff1f<\/span>
\r\n\u3053\u306e inner ear \u306b\u306f\u300c\u8778\u725b<\/strong>\u300d\u300c\u524d\u5ead<\/strong>\u300d\u300c\u534a\u898f\u7ba1<\/strong>\u300d\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300c\u8778\u725b<\/strong>\uff08\u304b\u304e\u3085\u3046\uff09\u300d\u306f hearing<\/strong> \u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u4f1d\u9054\u3059\u308b\u611f\u899a\u5668\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f62\u304c snail\u300c\u30ab\u30bf\u30c4\u30e0\u30ea\u300d\u306b\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3053\u308d\u304b\u3089 cochlear<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u300c\u30b3<\/strong>\u30c3\u30af\u30ea\u30a1\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u767a\u97f3\u30fb\u300c\u30ab\u30bf\u30c4\u30e0\u30ea\u300d\u306e\u610f\u5473\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8033\u306e\u5916\u306b\u88c5\u7740\u3059\u308b\u300c\u88dc\u8074\u5668<\/strong>\u300d\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u306f hearing aids<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u300c\u4eba\u5de5\u5185\u8033<\/strong>\u300d\u306f\u300c\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u305f\u8778\u725b<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f cochlear implants<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3053\u306e cochlear \u306f\u90e8\u4f4d\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7570\u306a\u308b\u5468\u6ce2\u6570\u306e\u97f3\u3092\u611f\u77e5<\/strong>\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002cochlear \u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u90e8\u3067\u3042\u308b apex<\/strong> \u306b\u8fd1\u3065\u304f\u3068 basilar membrane<\/strong>\u300c\u57fa\u5e95\u819c<\/strong>\u300d\u306f wide and flexible<\/strong> \u3068\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4f4e\u3044\u97f3\u3067\u3088\u304f\u632f\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066 cochlear \u306e\u5916\u5074\u306e\u5165\u308a\u53e3\u3068\u306a\u308b base<\/strong> \u306b\u8fd1\u3065\u304f\u3068 basilar membrane \u306f thin and rigid<\/strong> \u3068\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u97f3\u3067\u3088\u304f\u632f\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u90e8\u4f4d\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7570\u306a\u308b\u5468\u6ce2\u6570\u306e\u97f3\u3092\u611f\u77e5\u3059\u308b\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092 tonotopy<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u547c\u3076\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300c\u524d\u5ead<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u300c\u534a\u898f\u7ba1<\/strong>\u300d\u306f balance<\/strong> \u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u4f1d\u9054\u3059\u308b\u611f\u899a\u5668\u3067\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c vestibule<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u300c\u30f4\u30a7<\/strong>\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30d3\u30e5\u30a5\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u767a\u97f3\uff09 \u3068 semicircular canals<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089 cochlear, vestibule, and semicircular canals \u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u5f62\u72b6\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u53ce\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7a7a\u9593\u306f bony labyrinth<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u9aa8\u8ff7\u8def<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u306e\u5185\u5074\u306b\u306f\u300c\u819c\u8ff7\u8def<\/strong>\u300d\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f membranous labyrinth<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u3068\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u8a3a\u5bdf\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308d\u3046\uff01\u4f1d\u97f3\u6027\u96e3\u8074\u3068\u611f\u97f3\u6027\u96e3\u8074<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\r\n\u3067\u306f\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u3001\u8033\u306e\u75c7\u72b6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u300c\u96e3\u8074<\/strong>\u300d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u97f3\u304c\u5168\u304f\u805e\u3053\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f deafness<\/strong> \u3068\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3053\u306e deafness \u3068\u6b63\u5e38\u306e\u8074\u529b\u306e\u9593\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u300c\u96e3\u8074<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f hearing loss<\/strong><\/span> \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3053\u306e hearing loss \u306f external ear \u304b\u3089 middle ear \u307e\u3067<\/strong>\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u306e conductive hearing loss<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u4f1d\u97f3\u6027\u96e3\u8074<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u3001inner ear \u304b\u3089\u4e2d\u67a2<\/strong>\u307e\u3067\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u306e sensorineural hearing loss<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u611f\u97f3\u6027\u96e3\u8074<\/strong>\u300d\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304c\u591a\u3044\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5b66\u751f\u3055\u3093\u306b\u5c0b\u306d\u308b\u3068 conductive hearing loss \u3068\u56de\u7b54\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u304c\u591a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f sensorineural hearing loss \u306e\u65b9\u304c\u983b\u5ea6\u304c\u9ad8\u3044<\/strong>\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3053\u306e sensorineural hearing loss \u3067\u6700\u3082\u591a\u3044\u306e\u304c\u3001 noise-induced hearing loss<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u9a12\u97f3\u6027\u96e3\u8074<\/strong>\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f damage to stereociliated cells in organ of Corti\u300c\u30b3\u30eb\u30c1\u5668\u306e\u4e0d\u52d5\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u969c\u5bb3\u300d\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u8d77\u3053\u308b\u96e3\u8074\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306f\u9ad8\u3044\u97f3\u304c\u805e\u304d\u53d6\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6b21\u306b\u591a\u3044\u306e\u304c presbycusis<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u8001\u4eba\u6027\u96e3\u8074<\/strong>\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002presby- \u3068\u306f aging<\/strong> \u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001presbyopia<\/strong> \u306f\u300c\u8001\u773c<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e presbycusis \u3067\u306f\u9ad8\u3044\u97f3\u3092\u611f\u77e5\u3059\u308b hair cells at the cochlear base \u304c\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u751f\u3058\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u300c\u9ad8\u3044\u97f3\u306f\u805e\u304d\u53d6\u308a\u306b\u304f\u3044\u304c\u4f4e\u3044\u97f3\u306f\u805e\u3053\u3048\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u72b6\u614b\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4eba\u306e\u60aa\u53e3\u306f\u4f4e\u3044\u58f0\u3067\u8a71\u3059\u306e\u304c\u901a\u5e38\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u300c\u5e74\u5bc4\u308a\u306e\u5730\u7344\u8033<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u306f\u3053\u306e presbycusis \u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4e0a\u624b\u304f\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u300c\u683c\u8a00\uff08\uff1f\uff09\u300d\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3053\u306e conductive hearing loss \u3068 sensorineural hearing loss \u3092\u8eab\u4f53\u8a3a\u5bdf\u3067\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001 tuning fork<\/strong>\u300c\u97f3\u53c9<\/strong>\u300d\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f Rinne test<\/strong> \u3068 Weber test<\/strong> \u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rinne test<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u570f\u3067\u306f\u300c\u30ea\u30cd\u30fc<\/strong>\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u767a\u97f3\uff09\u3067\u306f mastoid process\u300c\u4e73\u69d8\u7a81\u8d77\u300d\u306b tuning fork \u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e0b\u8a18\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u60a3\u8005\u3055\u3093\u306b\u4f1d\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u201cI\u2019m now going to place this tuning fork on the bone behind your ear. Please let me know whether you can hear it and when you stop hearing it. Can you hear that? Let me know when it stops.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6b21\u306b\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u5ea6 tuning fork \u3092\u8033\u306e\u5074\u306b\u8fd1\u3065\u3051\u3066\u4e0b\u8a18\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5c0b\u306d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u201cCan you hear that?\u201d <\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6b63\u5e38\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8033\u306e\u5074\u306b\u97f3\u53c9\u3092\u8fd1\u3065\u3051\u3066\u3082\u97f3\u304c\u805e\u3053\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u8a3a\u5bdf\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5074\u306e\u8033\u3067 air conduction<\/strong> > bone conduction<\/strong> \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3001\u3053\u308c\u304c Positive<\/strong><\/span> Rinne test<\/strong> \u3068\u8868\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002Negative<\/strong><\/span> Rinne test<\/strong> \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5074\u306e\u8033\u3067 air conduction<\/strong> < bone conduction<\/strong> \u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8033\u306b conductive hearing loss<\/strong> \u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300c\u691c\u67fb\u304c\u967d\u6027\u300d\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3068\u300c\u7570\u5e38\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3057\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6b63\u5e38\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082 Positive Rinne test \u3068\u306a\u308b<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066 Negative Rinne test<\/strong> = Abnormal<\/strong> \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u899a\u3048\u3066\u304a\u3044\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Weber test<\/strong><\/span> \u3067\u306f\u982d\u90e8\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7dda\u306b tuning fork \u3092\u7f6e\u3044\u3066\u3001\u805e\u3053\u3048\u65b9\u306e\u5de6\u53f3\u5dee\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3059\u3002\u60a3\u8005\u3055\u3093\u306b\u306f\u4e0b\u8a18\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4f1d\u3048\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u201cI will place this tuning fork in the middle of your forehead, and you will hear a noise, is it the loudest in one ear, or the other, or in the middle?\u201d <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Weber test \u3067\u306f\u97f3\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u805e\u3053\u3048\u305f\u5074\u306b conductive hearing loss<\/strong> \u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u305d\u306e\u53cd\u5bfe\u5074\u306e\u8033\u306b sensorineural hearing loss<\/strong> \u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3082\u3057\u300cWeber test \u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u53f3\u8033\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u805e\u3053\u3048\u305f<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f \u3001\u201cWeber test<\/strong> lateralized<\/strong><\/span>\/localizes<\/strong><\/span> to the right ear<\/strong>\u201d \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b lateralize<\/strong> \u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u8868\u8a18\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3053\u306e\u4ed6\u306b\u3082\u8033\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u306f tinnitus<\/strong><\/span>\u300c\u8033\u9cf4<\/strong>\u300d\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u3061\u3089\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u3067\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u662f\u975e\u3054\u78ba\u8a8d\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3055\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308d\u305d\u308d\u30ab\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc\u3082\u6b8b\u308a\u308f\u305a\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u306b Rinne test \u3068 Weber test \u306e\u8a3a\u5bdf\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u5ea6\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rinne Test<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\r\n\u201cI will place this tuning fork on the bone behind your ear. Please let me know whether you can hear it and when you stop hearing it. Can you hear that? Let me know when it stops. Can you hear that?\u201d<\/span>
\r\nConductive Hearing Loss: Negative<\/strong> = Abnormal<\/strong> (air conduction < bone conduction)<\/span>
\r\nSensorineural Hearing Loss: Positive<\/strong> = Normal<\/strong> (air conduction > bone conduction)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Weber Test<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\r\n\u201cI will place this tuning fork in the middle of your forehead, and you will hear a noise, is it the loudest in one ear, or the other, or in the middle?\u201d <\/span>
\r\nConductive Hearing Loss: Localizes to affected ear<\/strong><\/span>
\r\nSensorineural Hearing Loss: Localizes to unaffected ear<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u3067\u306f\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306e\u3054\u6765\u5e97\u3092\u304a\u5f85\u3061\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

\u300cDr. \u62bc\u5473\u306e\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u30ab\u30d5\u30a7\u300d\u3067\u306f\u7686\u3055\u3093\u304b\u3089\u6271\u3063\u3066\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u52df\u96c6\u3044\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ea\u30f3\u30af<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u304b\u3089\u3053\u306e\u30ab\u30d5\u30a7\u3067\u6271\u3063\u3066\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3046\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u3054\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u56fd\u969b\u533b\u7642\u798f\u7949\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u90e8 \u533b\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u7d71\u62ec\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc \u6559\u6388\u3000\u62bc\u5473 \u8cb4\u4e4b<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u3053\u3093\u306b\u3061\u306f\u3002\u300c\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u30ab\u30d5\u30a7\u300d\u306b\u3088\u3046\u3053\u305d\uff01 \u3053\u3053\u306f\u300c\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc1\u676f\u5206\u300d\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3067\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u307e\u3064\u308f\u308b\u8a71\u3092\u6c17\u8efd\u306b\u697d\u3057\u3093\u3067\u3044\u305f\u3060\u304f\u30b3\u30fc\u30ca\u30fc\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u672c\u65e5\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u306f\u300c\u8033\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u7686\u3055\u3093\u306f \u201cPlay it by ea","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":6884,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"onecolumn-960.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jin_ogp_image_url":"","_jin_last_featured_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7292","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eigocafe"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7292","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7292"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7292\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15328,"href":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7292\/revisions\/15328"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/6884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7292"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7292"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.meccari.jp\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7292"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}